Friday, January 16, 2015

Iowa's Largest Fish: Paddlefish


Missouri River Biologists are collecting amazing movement data on paddlefish. Fish number 90868 was tagged near Sioux City in March of 2011. It was recently harvested by a commercial fisherman near Paris, Tennessee. The fish traversed over a thousand river miles and covered 4 rivers and 5 states.

Paddlefish grow quickly, reaching two feet in their third year or life. A 17-year-old paddlefish averages five feet in length and weighs about 37 pounds. These fish can live a long time, with many living more than 20 years, and it’s not unusual for them to make it past 30. They’ve also been in our waters a long time, appearing about 50 million years before the first dinosaurs.

These giant fish subsist only on a diet of small insects and animals floating in the water. Paddlefish stand out from other Iowa fish with their long, paddle-like snouts, a shark-like body and no scales. But unlike a shark, mature paddlefish have no teeth. They swim with their mouths open to filter food out of the water. At one time, paddlefish were easy to find in the Mississippi Valley, but over-fishing and changes in the environment have reduced the numbers of paddlefish in our rivers, even wiping them out of the Iowa Great Lakes.


For more on catching paddlefish in Iowa, check out our paddlefish regulations.


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